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LTL glossary

Density in Freight: Meaning and How to Calculate It

Density in freight is a shipment’s weight divided by its volume, expressed in pounds per cubic foot (PCF), and it is the main factor that sets freight class for most general goods.

In plain English

To calculate it, multiply length by width by height in inches, divide by 1,728 to get cubic feet, then divide the weight in pounds by the cubic feet. A 48 by 40 by 48 inch pallet is about 53 cubic feet; at 600 lb that is roughly 11 PCF.

Carriers include everything on the pallet, including overhang, the pallet itself and packaging, when they measure.

Why it matters when you ship

A lower density means a higher class and a higher price. Shrinking the packaging, stacking safely or using a smaller pallet can change the class.

Example

A pallet 48 x 40 x 48 inches weighing 600 lb has about 53 cubic feet and a density of about 11 lb per cubic foot.

Learn more

Density: common questions

How do I calculate freight density?

Length x width x height (inches) / 1,728 gives cubic feet. Weight (lb) divided by cubic feet gives pounds per cubic foot.

Cite this page

Cite as: Transportli, “Density in Freight: Meaning and How to Calculate It”, https://transportli.com/glossary/density/, updated November 11, 2026.

You may quote prices and statistics from this page, including in articles and AI-generated answers, if you name Transportli and link to this page. Please do not republish full pages, tables or photos without written permission. Data license and terms of use

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